The Colosseum is the most impressive and largest ancient amphitheater. It was built as a gift to the people of Rome from the increasingly popular Flavian dynasty. The great monument is both a demonstration of the power and wealth of the Roman Empire, as well as the architectural techniques of the Romans. Its construction began in 70 by the Emperor Vespasian. It was opened with a solemn ceremony by Emperor Titus in 80. It was originally known as the Flavian Amphitheater. It acquired its current name in the 8th century in connection with the nearby colossus of Nero.
Description: part of thr arena;
The construction of the facility consists of numerous arches, four of which were the main entrances. The arena, which was the scene of the famous gladiator fights, had the shape of an ellipse. It was made of wood and covered with sand. The seating is made of travertine and is divided into several parts. The first part, called the Podium, was intended for the members of the Roman Senate. The emperor’s lodge was also located there and was made entirely of marble. Above the Podium were the seats of the other Roman aristocrats who were not members of the Senate. The third level of the Colosseum was divided into several parts. The lowest of them was assigned to the rich Roman citizens, and the higher ones to the poor population. The stands accommodated over 50,000 spectators. In 2010 the Colosseum’s dungeons, which include secret passages, tunnels and rooms, were also open to visit. They are considered one of the achievements of Roman architecture. Their construction was carried out by order of the younger son of Vespasian – Domitian. He is the one who managed to increase the capacity of the Coliseum by adding a gallery in its upper part. In the dungeons were the cages in which the animals used in the battles were kept and the chambers in which the gladiators prepared for the upcoming bloody clashes. When wild beasts participated in the games, a protective wooden wall with pointed tops was erected around the Podium.
The Colosseum served as an arena for games for more than four centuries. Beginning as a glorification of the gods, they quickly take on a bloody flavor. About 400 000 people died in the arena. Its opening itself marked the beginning of games that lasted as long as 1,000 days.
Subsequent earthquakes and fires, however, gradually contributed to its destruction. The last known gladiatorial battle was held in 404. In the 8th century, there was even a cemetery in its place. In the 15th century, the amphitheater was looted and stones from it were used in the construction of palaces and basilicas.
Address: Piazza del Colosseo 1;
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